{"id":1147,"date":"2019-02-13T11:24:13","date_gmt":"2019-02-13T11:24:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/?page_id=1147"},"modified":"2022-05-17T15:38:29","modified_gmt":"2022-05-17T15:38:29","slug":"pratiquer-le-discernement","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/la-decision-strategique\/pratiquer-le-discernement\/","title":{"rendered":"Pratiquer le discernement"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><h2><\/h2>\n<h3><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1167 alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Logo-rouge-D\u00e9cision-strat\u00e9gique-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Logo-rouge-D\u00e9cision-strat\u00e9gique-66x66.png 66w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Logo-rouge-D\u00e9cision-strat\u00e9gique-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Logo-rouge-D\u00e9cision-strat\u00e9gique-200x201.png 200w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Logo-rouge-D\u00e9cision-strat\u00e9gique-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Logo-rouge-D\u00e9cision-strat\u00e9gique-400x402.png 400w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Logo-rouge-D\u00e9cision-strat\u00e9gique.png 494w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/> Le discernement, une alternative au choix par d\u00e9faut pour progresser vers ses finalit\u00e9s<\/h3>\n<p><em>Est-ce que cette d\u00e9cision est la meilleure\u00a0? <\/em><\/p>\n<p>Dans les faits, la majorit\u00e9 des d\u00e9cideurs r\u00e9pondent rarement \u00e0 cette question. Ils se tiennent \u00e0 un choix par d\u00e9faut ou \u00e0 un choix paraissant satisfaisant, sans recherche d\u2019alternative.<\/p>\n<p>Comment choisir la meilleure voie pour sortir du flou, du brouillard, de la complexit\u00e9 et des incertitudes de l\u2019avenir ?<\/p>\n<p>Toute d\u00e9cision strat\u00e9gique est lourde de cons\u00e9quences. Les difficult\u00e9s du d\u00e9cideur proviennent du fait qu\u2019il affronte de nombreuses <strong>contradictions<\/strong>, des <strong>int\u00e9r\u00eats divergents<\/strong> et des <strong>conflits de valeurs<\/strong>. Il doit analyser la situation de la mani\u00e8re la plus objective possible (jugement de faits) et peser le \u00ab pour \u00bb et le \u00ab contre \u00bb dans le champ de ses aspirations (jugement de <a href=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/les-composantes-de-la-strategie\/les-valeurs\/\">valeurs<\/a>).<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>Le discernement est un processus de prise de d\u00e9cision qui fait appel au jugement personnel du d\u00e9cideur, bas\u00e9 sur les faits et les valeurs. Elle est orient\u00e9e vers les finalit\u00e9s du d\u00e9cideur. Ce jugement ne peut s\u2019exercer que s\u2019il existe une alternative \u00e0 la premi\u00e8re option qui s\u2019impose ou \u00e0 un choix par d\u00e9faut.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><em>\u00ab\u00a0Rien ne s\u2019impose sans qu\u2019une alternative existe.\u00a0\u00bb (Falque & Bougon, 2013).<\/em><\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center\">LE DISCERNEMENT<\/h5>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center\">Le discernement, dans les d\u00e9cisions strat\u00e9giques, est la mise en musique du jugement du chef d\u2019entreprise suivant un rythme \u00e0 trois temps (Perrot, 2012)<\/h5>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1181 size-600\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Index10_LE-DISCERNEMENT-1-600x174.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"174\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Index10_LE-DISCERNEMENT-1-200x58.png 200w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Index10_LE-DISCERNEMENT-1-300x87.png 300w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Index10_LE-DISCERNEMENT-1-400x116.png 400w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Index10_LE-DISCERNEMENT-1-600x174.png 600w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Index10_LE-DISCERNEMENT-1-768x223.png 768w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Index10_LE-DISCERNEMENT-1-800x233.png 800w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Index10_LE-DISCERNEMENT-1-1024x298.png 1024w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Index10_LE-DISCERNEMENT-1.png 1063w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>La pratique de la d\u00e9cision par le discernement est, par essence, celle qui convient aux d\u00e9cisions strat\u00e9giques.<\/p>\n<p>Pour discerner, il est n\u00e9cessaire de savoir au nom de quoi je fais tel ou tel choix. Autrement dit, d\u2019utiliser la <strong>boussole de la r\u00e9flexion strat\u00e9gique<\/strong>. Ce sont les finalit\u00e9s (<a href=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/les-composantes-de-la-strategie\/les-buts-strategiques\/\">buts strat\u00e9giques<\/a>) du chef-fe d\u2019entreprise qui constituent les crit\u00e8res du discernement.<span style=\"color: #ffffff\">_<\/span><\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center\">LA BOUSSOLE DE LA R\u00c9FLEXION STRAT\u00c9GIQUE<\/h5>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center\">adapt\u00e9e de Torset, 2005<\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1187 size-400\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Index10_BOUSSOLE-REFLEXION-STRATEGIQUE-1-400x284.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"284\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Index10_BOUSSOLE-REFLEXION-STRATEGIQUE-1-200x142.png 200w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Index10_BOUSSOLE-REFLEXION-STRATEGIQUE-1-300x214.png 300w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Index10_BOUSSOLE-REFLEXION-STRATEGIQUE-1-400x284.png 400w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Index10_BOUSSOLE-REFLEXION-STRATEGIQUE-1-600x425.png 600w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Index10_BOUSSOLE-REFLEXION-STRATEGIQUE-1-768x544.png 768w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Index10_BOUSSOLE-REFLEXION-STRATEGIQUE-1-800x567.png 800w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Index10_BOUSSOLE-REFLEXION-STRATEGIQUE-1.png 934w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Les \u00e9tapes pour d\u00e9velopper une pr\u00e9f\u00e9rence, la confronter \u00e0 la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 et aux moyens, puis s\u2019engager sur une d\u00e9cision sont ensuite une question de <strong>posture<\/strong>. Le d\u00e9cideur se place alternativement dans une posture de <strong>jugement de valeurs<\/strong> (quelle est l\u2019option qui l\u2019attire int\u00e9rieurement, qui correspond davantage \u00e0 ses aspirations personnelles ?) et dans une posture de jugement de faits (se confronter aux co\u00fbts, aux \u00e9checs possibles, \u00e0 la coh\u00e9rence entre les moyens et les <strong>contraintes<\/strong> et aux <strong>sacrifices<\/strong> \u00e9ventuels \u2026). Il s\u2019agit finalement de r\u00e9concilier l\u2019entendement et la sensibilit\u00e9 (Perrot, 2012).<\/p>\n<p>Discerner fera apparaitre des <strong>dilemmes<\/strong>. C\u2019est-\u00e0-dire que les alternatives comportent des valeurs contradictoires (Perrot, 2012). Cette situation paradoxale ne doit pas \u00eatre \u00e9vit\u00e9e. \u00c9prouver les contraires provoque l\u2019h\u00e9sitation du d\u00e9cideur, mais c\u2019est le signe que la posture est la bonne. Cela permet de juger <strong>clairement<\/strong> et dans la mesure du possible <strong>sereinement<\/strong> les choses.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator section-separator clouds fusion-section-separator-1\" style=\"--awb-spacer-height:99px;--awb-svg-margin-left:0;--awb-svg-margin-right:0;--awb-divider-height:99px;--awb-spacer-padding-top:inherit;--awb-sep-padding:0;--awb-svg-padding:0;\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-svg\"><svg class=\"fusion-clouds-candy\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"100%\" height=\"100\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" fill=\"rgba(246,246,246,1)\"><path d=\"M-5 100 Q 0 20 5 100 Z\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M0 100 Q 5 0 10 100\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M5 100 Q 10 30 15 100\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M10 100 Q 15 10 20 100\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M15 100 Q 20 30 25 100\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M20 100 Q 25 -10 30 100\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M25 100 Q 30 10 35 100\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M30 100 Q 35 30 40 100\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M35 100 Q 40 10 45 100\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M40 100 Q 45 50 50 100\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M45 100 Q 50 20 55 100\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M50 100 Q 55 40 60 100\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M55 100 Q 60 60 65 100\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M60 100 Q 65 50 70 100\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M65 100 Q 70 20 75 100\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M70 100 Q 75 45 80 100\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M75 100 Q 80 30 85 100\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M80 100 Q 85 20 90 100\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M85 100 Q 90 50 95 100\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M90 100 Q 95 25 100 100\"><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path d=\"M95 100 Q 100 15 105 100 Z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-spacer\"><div class=\"fusion-section-separator-spacer-height\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-menu-anchor\" id=\"Boite\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><h3><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1167 alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Logo-rouge-D\u00e9cision-strat\u00e9gique-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Logo-rouge-D\u00e9cision-strat\u00e9gique-66x66.png 66w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Logo-rouge-D\u00e9cision-strat\u00e9gique-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Logo-rouge-D\u00e9cision-strat\u00e9gique-200x201.png 200w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Logo-rouge-D\u00e9cision-strat\u00e9gique-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Logo-rouge-D\u00e9cision-strat\u00e9gique-400x402.png 400w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2019\/02\/Logo-rouge-D\u00e9cision-strat\u00e9gique.png 494w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/> Boite \u00e0 outils<\/h3>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-one-half fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:50%;width:calc(50% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.5 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><h4><strong>Outil pour l\u2019accompagnateur<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea?leaky-paywall-media-download=1745\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Formulaire : de la (les) question(s) initiale(s) \u00e0 une probl\u00e9matique strat\u00e9gique<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-one-half fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:50%;width:calc(50% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.5 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><h4><strong>Outils d\u2019autogestion<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Exercice d\u2019autogestion: jugements de faits et jugements de valeur [en cours d\u2019\u00e9laboration]<\/li>\n<li>Exercice d\u2019autogestion: paradoxes, dilemmes et contradictions [en cours d\u2019\u00e9laboration]<\/li>\n<li>Exercice d\u2019autogestion: formuler un choix sous la forme d\u2019une alternative entre deux options [en cours d\u2019\u00e9laboration]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"parent":458,"menu_order":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"100-width.php","meta":{"_sb_is_suggestion_mode":false,"_sb_show_suggestion_boards":false,"_sb_show_comment_boards":false,"_sb_suggestion_history":"","_sb_update_block_changes":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1147","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1147","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1147"}],"version-history":[{"count":33,"href":"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1147\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5519,"href":"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1147\/revisions\/5519"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/458"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/strategidea\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1147"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}