{"id":292,"date":"2020-03-24T07:51:09","date_gmt":"2020-03-24T07:51:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/erosion\/?page_id=292"},"modified":"2020-05-28T14:38:31","modified_gmt":"2020-05-28T14:38:31","slug":"semis-sous-litiere","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/erosion\/semis-sous-litiere\/","title":{"rendered":"Semis sous liti\u00e8re"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 agri-erosion-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last agri-erosion-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-video fusion-youtube fusion-aligncenter agri-erosion-linkyoutube\" style=\"--awb-max-width:600px;--awb-max-height:360px;--awb-width:100%;\"><div class=\"video-shortcode\"><div class=\"fluid-width-video-wrapper\" style=\"padding-top:60%;\" ><iframe title=\"YouTube video player 1\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/VA2KF26SLM8?wmode=transparent&autoplay=0\" width=\"600\" height=\"360\" allowfullscreen allow=\"autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture;\"><\/iframe><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last agri-erosion-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three agri-erosion-boxtitle\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:30;line-height:1.5;\">Description<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1 agri-erosion-boxtext\"><p>Avoir un sol continuellement couvert par des v\u00e9g\u00e9taux notamment dans le cas des sarcl\u00e9es pour diminuer l\u2019impact des gouttes de pluie, am\u00e9liorer l\u2019infiltration de l\u2019eau et la portance du sol. Le sol est travaill\u00e9 sur toute la surface sur un sol si possible couvert de v\u00e9g\u00e9taux (d\u00e9bris v\u00e9g\u00e9taux) et de mani\u00e8re superficielle avec des outils \u00e0 dents pour d\u00e9chaumage superficiel, d\u00e9chaumeuses compactes \u00e0 disques. Il faut privil\u00e9gier les machines ou les outils qui ne sont pas anim\u00e9s par la prise de force. La semence est d\u00e9pos\u00e9e dans la liti\u00e8re, proche de la surface.<\/p>\n<p>Cette technique consiste \u00e0 semer une culture principale sous un couvert de r\u00e9sidus v\u00e9g\u00e9taux (mulch) ou directement dans la culture interm\u00e9diaire gel\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>Principe<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Se pratique de la m\u00eame mani\u00e8re que du semis direct<\/li>\n<li>En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral pour des cultures sarcl\u00e9es (ma\u00efs, betteraves)<\/li>\n<li>Peu adapt\u00e9 sur des sols moins riches en argiles et plus riches en sable<\/li>\n<li>Semis sous liti\u00e8re possible :<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last agri-erosion-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\">\n<div class=\"table-1 agri-erosion-table\">\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th align=\"center\">Type<\/th>\n<th align=\"center\">Principe<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Sous paille de c\u00e9r\u00e9ales<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Hachage de la paille par la moissonneuse batteuse, incorporation avec travail du sol superficiel<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Sous engrais vert non-hivernant<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Hachage de l\u2019engrais au printemps, incorporation avec travail du sol superficiel<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Sous engrais vert hivernants<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Hachage de l\u2019engrais au printemps, incorporation avec travail du sol superficiel<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Sous culture d\u00e9rob\u00e9e -&gt; seigle d\u2019automne<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">R\u00e9colte au vert du seigle, passage du chisel, \u00e9ventuellement labour<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Sous culture d\u00e9rob\u00e9e -&gt; prairie artificielle<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Coupe au printemps, retournement de la prairie conseill\u00e9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last agri-erosion-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2 agri-erosion-boxtext\"><h3>Exemple d\u2019itin\u00e9raires techniques dans le cas du ma\u00efs<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Mi- \u00e0 fin juillet ; r\u00e9colte du pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent (en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral c\u00e9r\u00e9ales)<\/li>\n<li>Fumure NPK<\/li>\n<li>D\u00e9chaumage superficiel pour faire germer les r\u00e9sidus de r\u00e9colte du pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent<\/li>\n<li>Mi-ao\u00fbt ; semis sans labour d\u2019un engrais vert non-hivernant (sensible au gel). Le semis doit \u00eatre suffisamment t\u00f4t pour pouvoir se d\u00e9velopper suffisamment.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Avril-mai ; hachage de l\u2019engrais vert non-hivernant et passage direct au cultivateur pour incorporer rapidement les r\u00e9sidus v\u00e9g\u00e9taux. Hersage et semis du ma\u00efs. Il peut y avoir quelques bourrages de r\u00e9sidus v\u00e9g\u00e9taux devant les socs du semoir lorsque le sol n\u2019est pas suffisamment ressuy\u00e9 et lorsque les engrais verts ne sont pas assez \u00e9miett\u00e9s<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 agri-erosion-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-one-half fusion-column-first agri-erosion-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:50%;width:calc(50% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.5 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three agri-erosion-boxtitle\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:30;line-height:1.5;\">Avantages<\/h3><\/div>\n<div class=\"table-1 agri-erosion-table\">\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Structure du sol stable<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Bonne infiltration de l\u2019eau<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Meilleur portance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Augmentation MO<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Apport d\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9ments nutritifs<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Biodiversit\u00e9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-5 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-one-half fusion-column-last agri-erosion-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:50%;width:calc(50% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.5 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-3 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three agri-erosion-boxtitle\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:30;line-height:1.5;\">Risques<\/h3><\/div>\n<div class=\"table-1 agri-erosion-table\">\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\">Bourrage du semoir dans certains cas<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 agri-erosion-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-6 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-one-half fusion-column-first agri-erosion-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:50%;width:calc(50% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.5 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-4 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three agri-erosion-boxtitle\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:30;line-height:1.5;\">Contributions<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3 agri-erosion-boxtext\"><p>Contributions de 150 CHF par hectare et culture principale (p\u00e9riode de 2014 \u00e0 2021)<\/p>\n<p>En cas de renoncement \u00e0 l\u2019emploi d\u2019herbicide \u00e0 partir de la r\u00e9colte du pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent cultural jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la r\u00e9colte de la culture principale ayant droit \u00e0 la contribution, un montant suppl\u00e9mentaire de CHF 200 CHF par hectare et culture principale sera vers\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Le renoncement aux herbicides ne doit pas \u00eatre forc\u00e9ment fait sur toutes les parcelles sur lesquelles des techniques de travail pr\u00e9servant le sol ont \u00e9t\u00e9 annonc\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<p>Dans le cas du semis sous liti\u00e8re et uniquement dans le cadre des contributions pour le non-recours aux herbicides, l\u2019utilisation de la charrue comme moyen de lutte contre les \u00ab mauvaises herbes \u00bb est tol\u00e9r\u00e9e, \u00e0 condition toutefois de respecter la pro\u00adfondeur de travail de 10 cm au maximum<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-7 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-one-half fusion-column-last agri-erosion-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:50%;width:calc(50% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.5 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-5 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three agri-erosion-boxtitle\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;--fontSize:30;line-height:1.5;\">Co\u00fbts<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4 agri-erosion-boxtext\"><p>Pas de co\u00fbts suppl\u00e9mentaire<\/p>\n<p>Les co\u00fbts sont bas pour une efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9lev\u00e9e<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-4 agri-erosion-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-8 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last agri-erosion-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"accordian fusion-accordian agri-erosion-toggles\" style=\"--awb-border-size:1px;--awb-icon-size:13px;--awb-content-font-size:18px;--awb-icon-alignment:left;--awb-hover-color:#f9f9f9;--awb-border-color:#cccccc;--awb-background-color:#ffffff;--awb-divider-color:#e0dede;--awb-divider-hover-color:#e0dede;--awb-icon-color:#ffffff;--awb-title-color:#f44336;--awb-content-color:#0f0f0f;--awb-icon-box-color:#7a7a7a;--awb-toggle-hover-accent-color:#000000;--awb-title-font-family:&quot;Roboto&quot;;--awb-title-font-weight:700;--awb-title-font-style:normal;--awb-title-line-height:1.5;--awb-content-font-family:&quot;Roboto&quot;;--awb-content-font-style:normal;--awb-content-font-weight:300;\"><div class=\"panel-group fusion-toggle-icon-boxed\" id=\"accordion-292-1\"><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-b59d80e2c1c648685 fusion-toggle-has-divider\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_b59d80e2c1c648685\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"b59d80e2c1c648685\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-parent=\"#accordion-292-1\" data-target=\"#b59d80e2c1c648685\" href=\"#b59d80e2c1c648685\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">Liens<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"b59d80e2c1c648685\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_b59d80e2c1c648685\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p class=\"text-inline\">Fiche technique AGRIDEA des contributions pour des <a href=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/erosion\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2019\/10\/Schonende-Bodenbearbeitung_FR.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">techniques culturales pr\u00e9servant le sol<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-5 agri-erosion-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-9 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-one-half fusion-column-first agri-erosion-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:50%;width:calc(50% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.5 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-button-wrapper\"><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-default fusion-button-default button-1 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type agri-erosion-button-page-back\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/erosion\/fr\/?page_id=441&amp;preview=true\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text awb-button__text awb-button__text--default\">Pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-10 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-one-half fusion-column-last agri-erosion-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;width:50%;width:calc(50% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.5 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-button-wrapper\"><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-default fusion-button-default button-2 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type agri-erosion-button-page-next\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/erosion\/fr\/?page_id=91&amp;preview=true\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text awb-button__text awb-button__text--default\">Retour au menu principal<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":44,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_sb_is_suggestion_mode":false,"_sb_show_suggestion_boards":false,"_sb_show_comment_boards":false,"_sb_suggestion_history":"","_sb_update_block_changes":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-292","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/erosion\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/292","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/erosion\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/erosion\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/erosion\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/44"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/erosion\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=292"}],"version-history":[{"count":27,"href":"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/erosion\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/292\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1303,"href":"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/erosion\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/292\/revisions\/1303"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/erosion\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=292"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}