{"id":898,"date":"2025-03-05T18:51:12","date_gmt":"2025-03-05T17:51:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/principes-etapes-de-lagroecologie\/"},"modified":"2026-07-28T08:20:40","modified_gmt":"2026-07-28T06:20:40","slug":"principes-niveaux-de-transition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/fr\/principes-niveaux-de-transition\/","title":{"rendered":"Principes et niveaux de la transition agro\u00e9cologique"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group agripedia-box is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group agripedia-box-header is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce qu&#8217;est l\u2019agro\u00e9cologie<\/h5>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group agripedia-box-content is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 <a href=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/fr\/developpement-importance\/\" title=\"\">D\u00e9veloppement et importance de l&#8217;agro\u00e9cologie<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 Principes et niveaux de la transition agro\u00e9cologique<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 <a href=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/fr\/lagroecologie-en-suisse\/\" title=\"\">L&#8217;agro\u00e9cologie en Suisse<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019agro\u00e9cologie s\u2019est d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e \u00e0 partir de la rencontre entre l\u2019\u00e9cologie et l\u2019agriculture. \u00c0 l\u2019origine, l\u2019accent \u00e9tait mis sur l\u2019application de principes \u00e9cologiques aux syst\u00e8mes agricoles. Au fil du temps, cette approche s\u2019est \u00e9largie : aujourd\u2019hui, l\u2019agro\u00e9cologie ne consid\u00e8re plus uniquement les pratiques agricoles \u00e9cologiques, mais \u00e9galement les dimensions sociales, \u00e9conomiques et politiques des syst\u00e8mes agricoles et alimentaires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cette \u00e9volution a conduit \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9laboration de diff\u00e9rents cadres permettant de d\u00e9crire et de structurer l\u2019agro\u00e9cologie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Cadres de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence<\/th><th>Objet<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Les 10 \u00e9l\u00e9ments de l\u2019agro\u00e9cologie (FAO, 2018)<\/strong><\/td><td>d\u00e9crivent les domaines fondamentaux \u00e0 prendre en compte dans les syst\u00e8mes agro\u00e9cologiques<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Les 13 principes de l\u2019agro\u00e9cologie (HLPE, 2019)<\/strong><\/td><td>pr\u00e9cisent scientifiquement les caract\u00e9ristiques et les processus propres aux syst\u00e8mes agro\u00e9cologiques<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Les cinq niveaux de transition agro\u00e9cologique (Gliessman, 2015\/2016)<\/strong><\/td><td>permettent d\u2019\u00e9valuer la profondeur des changements engag\u00e9s dans les syst\u00e8mes agricoles et alimentaires<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ces approches sont compl\u00e9mentaires :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Les \u00e9l\u00e9ments de la FAO indiquent <strong>quelles dimensions<\/strong> de l\u2019agro\u00e9cologie doivent \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9es.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Les principes du HLPE d\u00e9crivent <strong>quelles caract\u00e9ristiques<\/strong> d\u00e9finissent les syst\u00e8mes agro\u00e9cologiques.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Les niveaux de Gliessman montrent <strong>jusqu\u2019o\u00f9 peut aller une transformation<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les 10 \u00e9l\u00e9ments de la FAO<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les 10 \u00e9l\u00e9ments de l\u2019agro\u00e9cologie ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s dans le cadre d\u2019un processus participatif r\u00e9unissant diff\u00e9rents acteurs afin de proposer un cadre permettant de repenser les syst\u00e8mes agricoles et alimentaires, tout en pouvant \u00eatre adapt\u00e9 aux contextes locaux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ces \u00e9l\u00e9ments ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9labor\u00e9s entre 2015 et 2019 et prennent en compte les dimensions politiques, scientifiques, sociales et \u00e9cologiques qui caract\u00e9risent les approches agro\u00e9cologiques. En 2019, les 197 \u00c9tats membres de la FAO ont reconnu ce cadre comme une r\u00e9f\u00e9rence pour promouvoir des syst\u00e8mes agricoles et alimentaires durables.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les 10 \u00e9l\u00e9ments en bref<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les \u00e9l\u00e9ments ne d\u00e9crivent pas des techniques individuelles, mais plut\u00f4t des caract\u00e9ristiques fondamentales des syst\u00e8mes agro\u00e9cologiques. Ils sont interconnect\u00e9s et interd\u00e9pendants et constituent une repr\u00e9sentation simplifi\u00e9e, mais n\u00e9anmoins globale, de la complexit\u00e9 des syst\u00e8mes agricoles et alimentaires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide agripedia-box has-agripedia-orange-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"grid-template-columns:25% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2024\/12\/DIVERSITY_100px_light_27.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-182 size-full\"\/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"agripedia-horizontal-image-box-title wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong><strong>Promouvoir la diversit\u00e9<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un \u00e9l\u00e9ment cl\u00e9 de l&#8217;agro\u00e9cologie est le d\u00e9veloppement de la diversit\u00e9 des esp\u00e8ces et des ressources g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"grid-template-columns:25% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2024\/12\/CO-CREATION_KNOWLEDGE_100px_light_26.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-180 size-full\"\/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"agripedia-horizontal-image-box-title wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>G\u00e9n\u00e9ration de connaissances partag\u00e9es<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les d\u00e9fis locaux peuvent \u00eatre mieux relev\u00e9s si de nouvelles id\u00e9es, technologies ou m\u00e9thodes agricoles sont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es en collaboration avec les personnes concern\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"grid-template-columns:25% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2024\/12\/SYNERGIES_100px_light_26.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-178 size-full\"\/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"agripedia-horizontal-image-box-title wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong><strong><strong>Cr\u00e9er des synergies<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La cr\u00e9ation de synergies renforce les fonctions centrales dans les syst\u00e8mes alimentaires et favorise \u00e0 la fois la production et divers services \u00e9cosyst\u00e9miques.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"grid-template-columns:25% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2024\/12\/EFFICIENCY_100px_light_23.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-176 size-full\"\/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"agripedia-horizontal-image-box-title wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Am\u00e9liorer l\u2019efficacit\u00e9<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Utiliser intelligemment les ressources naturelles disponibles pour augmenter la production tout en r\u00e9duisant l\u2019utilisation de ressources externes.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"grid-template-columns:25% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2024\/12\/RECYCLING_100px_light_23.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-174 size-full\"\/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"agripedia-horizontal-image-box-title wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong><strong><strong>Mettre l\u2019accent sur le recyclage<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u00e9duire les co\u00fbts \u00e9conomiques et environnementaux en r\u00e9utilisant les ressources dans la production agricole.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"grid-template-columns:25% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2024\/12\/RESILIENCE_100px_light_23.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-172 size-full\"\/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"agripedia-horizontal-image-box-title wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Construire la r\u00e9silience<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Une interaction \u00e9quilibr\u00e9e entre les diff\u00e9rents \u00e9l\u00e9ments du syst\u00e8me agricole et alimentaire renforce la r\u00e9silience des personnes et des \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes face aux perturbations.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"grid-template-columns:25% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2024\/12\/HUMAN_23.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-170 size-full\"\/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"agripedia-horizontal-image-box-title wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong><strong><strong>Respecter les valeurs humaines et sociales<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La protection et l\u2019am\u00e9lioration des moyens de subsistance, de la justice et du bien-\u00eatre social aident les personnes et les communaut\u00e9s \u00e0 renforcer leur autonomie et \u00e0 surmonter les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s sociales.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"grid-template-columns:25% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2024\/12\/CULTURE_23.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-168 size-full\"\/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"agripedia-horizontal-image-box-title wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Renforcer<\/strong>&nbsp;la culture et les traditions alimentaires<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un r\u00e9gime alimentaire sain, \u00e9quilibr\u00e9 et culturellement adapt\u00e9 contribue \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire tout en prot\u00e9geant l\u2019\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"grid-template-columns:25% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2024\/12\/RESPONSIBLE_GOVERNANCE_100px_light_23.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-166 size-full\"\/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"agripedia-horizontal-image-box-title wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong><strong><strong>\u00c9tablir une gouvernance responsable<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour assurer la durabilit\u00e9 de l&#8217;alimentation et de l&#8217;agriculture, il faut des m\u00e9canismes de gouvernance responsables et efficaces, qui fonctionnent en \u00e9troite collaboration aux niveaux local, national et mondial.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"grid-template-columns:25% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2024\/12\/CIRCULAR_SOLIDARITY_ECONOMY_100px_light_23.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-164 size-full\"\/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"agripedia-horizontal-image-box-title wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Promouvoir l\u2019\u00e9conomie circulaire et solidaire<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019\u00e9conomie circulaire et solidaire rapproche producteurs et consommateurs pour offrir des solutions durables qui respectent les limites de la Terre et b\u00e2tissent une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 juste et inclusive.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-bottom is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Source de I&#8217;illustration : <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fao.org\/agroecology\/overview\/overview10elements\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">FAO, The 10 Elements of Agroecology<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"prinzipien\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les 13 principes du HLPE<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fao.org\/cfs\/cfs-hlpe\/fr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">Groupe d&#8217;experts de haut niveau sur la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire et la nurition (HLPE)<\/a> du Comit\u00e9 de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire mondiale (CSA) des Nations Unies a publi\u00e9 en 2019 une \u00e9valuation scientifique des approches visant \u00e0 rendre les syst\u00e8mes agricoles et alimentaires plus durables.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dans son rapport, le HLPE souligne qu\u2019il n\u2019existe pas de solution universelle applicable \u00e0 tous les syst\u00e8mes alimentaires, compte tenu de la diversit\u00e9 des d\u00e9fis \u00e9cologiques, sociaux et \u00e9conomiques. Des approches adapt\u00e9es aux diff\u00e9rents contextes sont n\u00e9cessaires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En s\u2019appuyant sur les 10 \u00e9l\u00e9ments de l\u2019agro\u00e9cologie de la FAO, le HLPE propose dans son rapport <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fao.org\/cfs\/cfs-hlpe\/publications\/hlpe-14\/en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\"><em>Agroecological and other innovative approaches<\/em><\/a><\/em> trois objectifs g\u00e9n\u00e9raux pour les processus de transformation :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>am\u00e9liorer l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 dans l\u2019utilisation des ressources ;<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>renforcer la r\u00e9silience ;<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>assurer l\u2019\u00e9quit\u00e9 sociale et la responsabilit\u00e9.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Afin de pr\u00e9ciser ces objectifs, le HLPE identifie 13 principes de l\u2019agro\u00e9cologie. Ceux-ci d\u00e9crivent les caract\u00e9ristiques et processus essentiels des syst\u00e8mes agro\u00e9cologiques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Alors que les \u00e9l\u00e9ments de la FAO fournissent un cadre d\u2019orientation large pour comprendre l\u2019agro\u00e9cologie, les principes du HLPE pr\u00e9cisent davantage les caract\u00e9ristiques \u00e9cologiques, \u00e9conomiques, sociales et institutionnelles \u00e0 prendre en compte dans le d\u00e9veloppement de syst\u00e8mes agro\u00e9cologiques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les 13 principes en bref<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide agripedia-box has-agripedia-orange-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"684\" height=\"335\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/03\/wp1_s.png\" alt=\"Prinzipien der Agrar\u00f6kologie nach HLPE\" class=\"wp-image-2324 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/03\/wp1_s.png 684w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/03\/wp1_s-300x147.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 684px) 100vw, 684px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. Recyclage<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019utilisation de ressources locales et renouvelables est encourag\u00e9e.<br>Les cycles des nutriments et de la biomasse sont ferm\u00e9s dans la mesure du possible.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"684\" height=\"334\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp2_s.png\" alt=\"Prinzipien der Agrar\u00f6kologie nach HLPE\" class=\"wp-image-1625 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp2_s.png 684w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp2_s-300x146.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 684px) 100vw, 684px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong>2. R\u00e9duction des intrants<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La d\u00e9pendance vis-\u00e0-vis des intrants achet\u00e9s est r\u00e9duite ou \u00e9limin\u00e9e.<br><em>Cela concerne surtout les intrants synth\u00e9tiques, qui peuvent \u00eatre remplac\u00e9s par des intrants plus naturels ou des m\u00e9thodes de gestion \u00e9cologique<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"684\" height=\"334\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/03\/wp3_s.png\" alt=\"Prinzipien der Agrar\u00f6kologie nach HLPE\" class=\"wp-image-2326 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/03\/wp3_s.png 684w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/03\/wp3_s-300x146.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 684px) 100vw, 684px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong><strong>3. Sant\u00e9 des sols<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La sant\u00e9 et le fonctionnement des sols sont pr\u00e9serv\u00e9s et am\u00e9lior\u00e9s afin de favoriser la croissance des plantes \u2013 notamment par l\u2019accumulation de mati\u00e8re organique et le renforcement de l\u2019activit\u00e9 biologique.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"684\" height=\"334\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/03\/wp4_s.png\" alt=\"Prinzipien der Agrar\u00f6kologie nach HLPE\" class=\"wp-image-2318 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/03\/wp4_s.png 684w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/03\/wp4_s-300x146.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 684px) 100vw, 684px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong><strong><strong>4. Sant\u00e9 animale<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le bien-\u00eatre et la sant\u00e9 des animaux d\u2019\u00e9levage sont garantis.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"684\" height=\"335\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp5_s.png\" alt=\"Prinzipien der Agrar\u00f6kologie nach HLPE\" class=\"wp-image-1627 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp5_s.png 684w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp5_s-300x147.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 684px) 100vw, 684px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>5. Biodiversit\u00e9<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La biodiversit\u00e9 dans les champs, dans les exploitations et dans les paysages est pr\u00e9serv\u00e9e et encourag\u00e9e \u00e0 court et \u00e0 long terme. Cela comprend la diversit\u00e9 biologique, g\u00e9n\u00e9tique et fonctionnelle des agro\u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"684\" height=\"334\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/03\/wp6_s.png\" alt=\"Prinzipien der Agrar\u00f6kologie nach HLPE\" class=\"wp-image-2320 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/03\/wp6_s.png 684w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/03\/wp6_s-300x146.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 684px) 100vw, 684px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>6. Effets de synergie<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les interactions \u00e9cologiques positives, les synergies, l\u2019int\u00e9gration et la compl\u00e9mentarit\u00e9 des \u00e9l\u00e9ments de l\u2019agro\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me (animaux, plantes, arbres, sol, eau) sont encourag\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"684\" height=\"335\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp7_s.png\" alt=\"Prinzipien der Agrar\u00f6kologie nach HLPE\" class=\"wp-image-1629 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp7_s.png 684w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp7_s-300x147.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 684px) 100vw, 684px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>7. Diversification \u00e9conomique<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Diversifier et s\u00e9curiser les sources de revenus des exploitations agricoles afin de renforcer l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance financi\u00e8re, de cr\u00e9er de nouvelles opportunit\u00e9s de valeur ajout\u00e9e et de mieux r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 la demande des consommateurs.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"684\" height=\"335\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp8_s.png\" alt=\"Prinzipien der Agrar\u00f6kologie nach HLPE\" class=\"wp-image-1554 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp8_s.png 684w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp8_s-300x147.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 684px) 100vw, 684px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>8. Co-cr\u00e9ation et partage de connaissances<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La production conjointe de connaissances et le partage des connaissances sur un pied d\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 sont encourag\u00e9s, notamment par le biais d\u2019\u00e9changes entre agricultrices et agriculteurs. Cela comprend \u00e9galement les connaissances sur les innovations locales et scientifiques.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"684\" height=\"334\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp9_s.png\" alt=\"Prinzipien der Agrar\u00f6kologie nach HLPE\" class=\"wp-image-1559 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp9_s.png 684w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp9_s-300x146.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 684px) 100vw, 684px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>9. Valeurs sociales et types d\u2019alimentation<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le syst\u00e8me alimentaire permet une alimentation saine, vari\u00e9e, saisonni\u00e8re et culturellement adapt\u00e9e. Il tient compte de la culture, de l\u2019identit\u00e9 et des traditions de la population locale et favorise l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 des sexes.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"684\" height=\"335\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp10_s.png\" alt=\"Prinzipien der Agrar\u00f6kologie nach HLPE\" class=\"wp-image-1561 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp10_s.png 684w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp10_s-300x147.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 684px) 100vw, 684px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>10. \u00c9quit\u00e9<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Promouvoir des moyens d\u2019existence dignes et stables pour tous les acteurs du syst\u00e8me alimentaire \u2013 bas\u00e9s sur le commerce \u00e9quitable, des conditions de travail justes et une gestion \u00e9quitable des droits de propri\u00e9t\u00e9.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"684\" height=\"334\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp11_s.png\" alt=\"Prinzipien der Agrar\u00f6kologie nach HLPE\" class=\"wp-image-1563 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp11_s.png 684w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp11_s-300x146.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 684px) 100vw, 684px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>11. Connectivit\u00e9<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Renforcer les liens et la confiance entre les producteurs et les consommateurs en favorisant les circuits courts et \u00e9quitables et en r\u00e9int\u00e9grant les syst\u00e8mes alimentaires dans l\u2019\u00e9conomie locale.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"684\" height=\"335\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp12_s.png\" alt=\"Prinzipien der Agrar\u00f6kologie nach HLPE\" class=\"wp-image-1653 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp12_s.png 684w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/12\/wp12_s-300x147.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 684px) 100vw, 684px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>12. Governance des territoires et des ressources<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>naturelles<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les ressources naturelles telles que la terre, les semences, l\u2019eau, le sol, la biodiversit\u00e9 mais aussi le savoir restent entre les mains des personnes qui produisent les aliments.<br>Les structures institutionnelles, les bases l\u00e9gales et les mesures politiques qui soutiennent cette d\u00e9marche sont renforc\u00e9es ou cr\u00e9\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"684\" height=\"335\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/03\/wp13_s.png\" alt=\"Prinzipien der Agrar\u00f6kologie nach HLPE\" class=\"wp-image-2322 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/03\/wp13_s.png 684w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/03\/wp13_s-300x147.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 684px) 100vw, 684px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>13. Participation<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La participation active des producteurs et des consommateurs aux processus de d\u00e9cision est renforc\u00e9e. Parall\u00e8lement, des formes d\u2019organisation sociale sont encourag\u00e9es \u00e0 diff\u00e9rents niveaux du syst\u00e8me alimentaire afin de briser les relations de pouvoir.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-bottom is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Sources :&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/digitalcollection.zhaw.ch\/handle\/11475\/26722\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ein Leitbild der Transformation. C. Kummer &amp; J. Jacobi (2023)<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/agroecology-coalition.org\/principles-and-vision\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">infographie de la Coalition pour l\u2019agro\u00e9cologie<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fao.org\/agroecology\/database\/detail\/en\/c\/1242141\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">rapport du HLPE<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Illustration: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.biovision.ch\/infopool\/home\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"Agroecology Infopool 2025, Biovision\">Agroecology Infopool 2025, Biovision<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les niveaux de transition selon Gliessman<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019agro\u00e9cologie est souvent associ\u00e9e dans un premier temps \u00e0 des pratiques agricoles concr\u00e8tes, telles que :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>les rotations culturales diversifi\u00e9es ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>les syst\u00e8mes agroforestiers ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>la protection biologique des plantes ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>les mesures favorisant la sant\u00e9 des sols.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ces approches constituent des composantes importantes des syst\u00e8mes agro\u00e9cologiques, mais elles ne repr\u00e9sentent qu\u2019un niveau parmi d\u2019autres du changement n\u00e9cessaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019agro\u00e9cologie n\u2019est ni un mod\u00e8le unique de production ni un ensemble de pratiques pr\u00e9d\u00e9finies. Elle constitue une approche syst\u00e9mique visant \u00e0 transformer les syst\u00e8mes agricoles et alimentaires en reliant les processus \u00e9cologiques aux changements sociaux, \u00e9conomiques et politiques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Elle consid\u00e8re l\u2019agriculture non pas comme une activit\u00e9 isol\u00e9e, mais comme une composante d\u2019un syst\u00e8me alimentaire plus large, allant de la production \u00e0 la transformation, la commercialisation et la consommation, jusqu\u2019aux questions de gouvernance et aux valeurs sociales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Afin de d\u00e9crire ce processus de transformation, Stephen Gliessman a d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 en 2015 un mod\u00e8le comprenant <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21683565.2015.1130765\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">cinq niveaux de transition agro\u00e9cologique<\/a>. es niveaux illustrent la profondeur des changements engag\u00e9s :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul id=\"block-b1b8a03d-1858-43c6-9a88-74630124f940\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>de l\u2019am\u00e9lioration des syst\u00e8mes existants ; <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00e0 la reconception des agro\u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes ; <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la transformation des syst\u00e8mes alimentaires mondiaux.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les trois premiers niveaux concernent principalement l\u2019\u00e9chelle de l\u2019agro\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me et d\u00e9crivent les changements pouvant \u00eatre mis en \u0153uvre dans les exploitations agricoles et les paysages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les niveaux quatre et cinq concernent le syst\u00e8me alimentaire dans son ensemble. Les transformations \u00e0 ces niveaux n\u00e9cessitent la participation des communaut\u00e9s, des acteurs \u00e9conomiques et de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 dans son ensemble.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ces deux dimensions montrent que la transformation des syst\u00e8mes alimentaires ne d\u00e9pend pas uniquement d\u2019une \u00e9volution des pratiques agricoles, mais \u00e9galement d\u2019une \u00e9volution des relations sociales, \u00e9conomiques et politiques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les cinq niveaux ne constituent toutefois pas un mod\u00e8le rigide que chaque exploitation ou chaque pays devrait suivre de mani\u00e8re lin\u00e9aire. Ils repr\u00e9sentent plut\u00f4t un cadre d\u2019analyse permettant de classer diff\u00e9rentes formes de changement et de comprendre leur port\u00e9e transformative.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group agripedia-box has-agripedia-orange-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les changements mis en \u0153uvre aux deux premiers niveaux sont de nature incr\u00e9mentale. Les processus et pratiques existants sont progressivement am\u00e9lior\u00e9s ou adapt\u00e9s, sans remettre fondamentalement en question la structure du syst\u00e8me.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le troisi\u00e8me niveau rel\u00e8ve \u00e9galement d\u2019une d\u00e9marche incr\u00e9mentale, mais il est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme une \u00e9tape charni\u00e8re vers une transformation plus profonde.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les quatri\u00e8me et cinqui\u00e8me niveaux correspondent \u00e0 une transformation syst\u00e9mique. Ils impliquent des changements profonds qui visent \u00e0 faire \u00e9merger de nouveaux mod\u00e8les, paradigmes ou syst\u00e8mes, et \u00e0 transformer durablement les fondements des syst\u00e8mes alimentaires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Niveau 1<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Augmenter l\u2019efficience de l\u2019utilisation des intrants<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ce niveau se concentre sur l\u2019optimisation de l\u2019utilisation des ressources externes telles que les engrais et les pesticides. L\u2019objectif est de r\u00e9duire la consommation d\u2019intrants externes et de limiter les pertes vers l\u2019environnement. Il cherche \u00e0 rendre les pratiques conventionnelles plus respectueuses de l\u2019environnement sans modifier fondamentalement l\u2019organisation du syst\u00e8me.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00c9chelle d\u2019int\u00e9gration :<\/strong> exploitation agricole<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Changement :<\/strong> incr\u00e9mentiel<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Principes associ\u00e9s :<\/strong> recyclage, r\u00e9duction des intrants<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Exemples :<\/strong> fertilisation adapt\u00e9e aux besoins sp\u00e9cifiques des cultures ;<br>techniques d\u2019irrigation de pr\u00e9cision.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Niveau 2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Remplacer les intrants et les pratiques classiques par des solutions agro\u00e9cologiques<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c0 ce niveau, les intrants et pratiques probl\u00e9matiques sont remplac\u00e9s par des alternatives plus durables. Le syst\u00e8me est adapt\u00e9, mais son organisation fondamentale reste similaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00c9chelle d\u2019int\u00e9gration :<\/strong> exploitation agricole<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Changement :<\/strong> incr\u00e9mentiel<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Principes :<\/strong> recyclage, r\u00e9duction des intrants, sant\u00e9 des sols, sant\u00e9 animale, biodiversit\u00e9 (partiellement), synergies<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Exemples :<\/strong> m\u00e9thodes biologiques ou m\u00e9caniques de protection des cultures ; fertilisation organique.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Niveau 3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Reconcevoir l\u2019\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me agricole \u00e0 partir d\u2019un nouvel ensemble de processus \u00e9cologiques<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le troisi\u00e8me niveau marque le passage de l\u2019am\u00e9lioration de pratiques individuelles \u00e0 une <strong>reconception syst\u00e9mique<\/strong> des agro\u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes. L\u2019objectif n\u2019est plus seulement de r\u00e9duire les impacts n\u00e9gatifs de certaines pratiques, mais de renforcer les processus \u00e9cologiques naturels et leurs interactions au sein du syst\u00e8me agricole. Il s\u2019agit d\u2019accro\u00eetre la capacit\u00e9 de r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ration des agro\u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes et leur r\u00e9silience face aux perturbations \u00e9cologiques, \u00e9conomiques et climatiques. Le syst\u00e8me de production dans son ensemble est repens\u00e9 afin que les processus \u00e9cologiques deviennent le fondement du fonctionnement agricole.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00c9chelle d\u2019int\u00e9gration :<\/strong> exploitation agricole; territoire (paysage) \/ bassins versants<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Changement :<\/strong> incr\u00e9mentiel, avec une dimension partiellement transformative.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Principes :<\/strong> recyclage, r\u00e9duction des intrants, sant\u00e9 des sols, sant\u00e9 animale, biodiversit\u00e9, synergies, diversification \u00e9conomique, co-cr\u00e9ation des connaissances, valeurs sociales et culturelles li\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019alimentation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Exemples :<\/strong> syst\u00e8mes agroforestiers ; cultures associ\u00e9es ; rotations culturales diversifi\u00e9es ; int\u00e9gration de l\u2019\u00e9levage et de la production v\u00e9g\u00e9tale.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Niveau 4<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>R\u00e9tablir un lien plus direct entre les producteurs et les consommateurs<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c0 ce niveau, l\u2019approche d\u00e9passe l\u2019\u00e9chelle de la production agricole pour consid\u00e9rer l\u2019ensemble du syst\u00e8me alimentaire. Les relations entre production, transformation, commercialisation et consommation sont repens\u00e9es, renforc\u00e9es ou recr\u00e9\u00e9es. L\u2019agro\u00e9cologie \u00e9volue ainsi d\u2019une approche centr\u00e9e sur les pratiques agricoles vers une approche portant sur l\u2019ensemble du syst\u00e8me alimentaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00c9chelle d\u2019int\u00e9gration :<\/strong> Communaut\u00e9s locales et acteurs du syst\u00e8me alimentaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong>Changement <\/strong>:<\/strong> transformateur<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Les principes :<\/strong> diversification \u00e9conomique, co-cr\u00e9ation des connaissances, valeurs sociales et culturelles li\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019alimentation, \u00e9quit\u00e9, connectivit\u00e9, gouvernance responsable des terres et des ressources naturelles, participation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Exemples :<\/strong> cha\u00eenes de valeur r\u00e9gionales ; circuits courts et vente directe ; agriculture soutenue par la communaut\u00e9 (ASC) ; syst\u00e8mes alimentaires territorialis\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Niveau 5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mettre en place un nouveau syst\u00e8me alimentaire mondial fond\u00e9 sur la participation, les sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9s locales, l\u2019\u00e9quit\u00e9 et la justice<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le cinqui\u00e8me niveau \u00e9largit encore la perspective aux dimensions politiques, institutionnelles et soci\u00e9tales. L\u2019objectif est de contribuer \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9mergence d\u2019un syst\u00e8me alimentaire fond\u00e9 sur la justice, la participation, la d\u00e9mocratie et l\u2019\u00e9quit\u00e9. Il ne s\u2019agit pas uniquement de rendre les syst\u00e8mes alimentaires plus durables, mais \u00e9galement de restaurer et de prot\u00e9ger les bases \u00e9cologiques dont d\u00e9pendent les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s humaines. \u00c0 ce niveau, les r\u00e8gles fondamentales, les valeurs et les structures du syst\u00e8me alimentaire sont profond\u00e9ment transform\u00e9es.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00c9chelle d\u2019int\u00e9gration :<\/strong> soci\u00e9t\u00e9 dans son ensemble<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong>Changement <\/strong>:<\/strong> transformateur<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Principes :<\/strong> co-cr\u00e9ation des connaissances, valeurs sociales et culturelles li\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019alimentation, \u00e9quit\u00e9, connectivit\u00e9, gouvernance responsable des terres et des ressources naturelles, participation <em>(En pratique, l\u2019ensemble des principes du HLPE peuvent \u00eatre mobilis\u00e9s \u00e0 ce niveau.)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Exemples :<\/strong> acc\u00e8s \u00e9quitable aux ressources ; politiques alimentaires durables ; nouvelles structures de gouvernance ; r\u00e9formes institutionnelles favorisant des syst\u00e8mes alimentaires plus justes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les cinq niveaux propos\u00e9s par Gliessman montrent que l\u2019agro\u00e9cologie ne doit pas \u00eatre comprise comme un ensemble de pratiques ou de mesures isol\u00e9es. Elle d\u00e9crit un processus de transformation qui associe les dimensions \u00e9cologiques, sociales, \u00e9conomiques et politiques des syst\u00e8mes agricoles et alimentaires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les diff\u00e9rents cadres de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence permettent d\u2019appr\u00e9hender cette transformation selon des perspectives compl\u00e9mentaires :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Les \u00e9l\u00e9ments de la FAO donnent une vue d\u2019ensemble des dimensions de l\u2019agro\u00e9cologie.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Les principes du HLPE pr\u00e9cisent les caract\u00e9ristiques essentielles des syst\u00e8mes agro\u00e9cologiques.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Les niveaux de Gliessman indiquent la profondeur et la port\u00e9e des transformations engag\u00e9es.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ensemble, ces cadres constituent des outils d\u2019orientation permettant d\u2019\u00e9valuer les trajectoires de transition vers des syst\u00e8mes agricoles et alimentaires plus r\u00e9silients, \u00e9quitables et durables.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6a75118ca2707&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6a75118ca2707\" class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-default wp-lightbox-container\" datatext=\"\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"646\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/03\/Connection_10_elemente_13_principles_gliessman_FR-1024x646.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2570\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/03\/Connection_10_elemente_13_principles_gliessman_FR-1024x646.png 1024w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/03\/Connection_10_elemente_13_principles_gliessman_FR-300x189.png 300w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/03\/Connection_10_elemente_13_principles_gliessman_FR-768x485.png 768w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/03\/Connection_10_elemente_13_principles_gliessman_FR-1536x969.png 1536w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/03\/Connection_10_elemente_13_principles_gliessman_FR-1200x757.png 1200w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/03\/Connection_10_elemente_13_principles_gliessman_FR-1980x1249.png 1980w, https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/62\/2025\/03\/Connection_10_elemente_13_principles_gliessman_FR.png 2046w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Lien entre les 10 \u00e9l\u00e9ments &amp; 13 principes et les 5 niveaux de transition de Gliessman <br><br><em>Source de l&#8217;image : <a href=\"https:\/\/www.annualreviews.org\/content\/journals\/10.1146\/annurev-resource-102422-090105\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ewert, F., Baatz, R., Ringer, R. (2023). Agroecology for a sustainable agriculture and food system: form local colutions to large-Scale adaption. Annu. Rev. Resour. Econ. 15:351-81<\/a><\/em>[trad. par AGRIDEA]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/fr\/lagroecologie-en-suisse\/\" title=\"\">L&#8217;agro\u00e9cologie en <strong>Suisse \u2192<\/strong><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agripedia.ch\/agraroekologie\/fr\/contact\/\" title=\"\"><em>Nous acceptons volontiers les remarques, ajouts, suggestions et commentaires \u2192<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u2019agro\u00e9cologie est une approche syst\u00e9mique visant \u00e0 concevoir des syst\u00e8mes agricoles et alimentaires durables et plus \u00e9quitables. Comme les conditions \u00e9cologiques, \u00e9conomiques et sociales varient selon les r\u00e9gions, il n\u2019existe pas de voie unique pour r\u00e9aliser une transition agro\u00e9cologique. Afin de d\u00e9crire cette approche et d\u2019en structurer les \u00e9volutions, plusieurs cadres de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence reconnus au niveau international ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1228,"featured_media":438,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_sb_is_suggestion_mode":false,"_sb_show_suggestion_boards":false,"_sb_show_comment_boards":false,"_sb_suggestion_history":"","_sb_update_block_changes":"","advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-898","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-non-classifiee"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L\u2019agro\u00e9cologie est une approche syst\u00e9mique visant \u00e0 concevoir des syst\u00e8mes agricoles et alimentaires durables et plus \u00e9quitables. Comme les conditions \u00e9cologiques, \u00e9conomiques et sociales varient selon les r\u00e9gions, il n\u2019existe pas de voie unique pour r\u00e9aliser une transition agro\u00e9cologique. 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Comme les conditions \u00e9cologiques, \u00e9conomiques et sociales varient selon les r\u00e9gions, il n\u2019existe pas de voie unique pour r\u00e9aliser une transition agro\u00e9cologique. 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